Coagulation and flocculation in water and wastewater treatment provides a comprehensive account of coagulation and flocculation techniques and technologies in a single volume covering theoretical principles to practical applications thoroughly revised and updated this new edition has been progressively modified and increased in scope to cater for the requirements of practitioners involved. Flocculation, in the field of chemistry, is a process in which colloids come out of suspension in the form of floc or flake, either spontaneously or due to the addition of a clarifying agent. Ppt coagulation and flocculation linkedin slideshare. The floc is subsequently removed in most cases by sedimentation. Flocculation refers to the process used to bring the coagulated particles together so that they can combine to form larger, settleable, and filterable masses of particles called floc. The key difference between coagulation and flocculation in water treatment is that the coagulation is a chemical process while flocculation is a physical process. Coagulation and flocculation play a dominant role in many water and wastewater treatment, schemes.
Pdf coagulationflocculation processes in waterwastewater. Coagulationflocculation process for produced water. The coagulation process is the first phase, which involved the addition of coagulant into the water to destabilize the particles by reducing the repulsive forces between the. Manual of symbols and terminology for physicochemical quantities and units, appendix ii. Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site. Ppt coagulation and flocculation in water treatment powerpoint presentation free to download id. Coagulation and flocculation part 1 overview of the process. Coagulation and flocculation in water and wastewater treatment is a readable and useful resource for the water scientist and engineer. Coagulationflocculation technology in water and wastewater. Suspended particles vary in source, charge, particle size, shape. It is a convenient reference handbook providing numerous examples and appended information and it is a vital text for course material for undergraduate and postgraduate students. This manual is designed to help you keep your treatment plants coagulation and filtration processes operating at optimum efficiency. Thoroughly revised and updated this new edition has been progressively modified and increased in scope to cater for the requirements of. An overview of coagulationflocculation technology wcp.
Basically, coagulation is a process of addition of coagulant to destabilize a stabilized charged particle. But the phenomena are also wellknown from everyday life especially coagulation. The process usually consists of the rapid dispersal of a coagulant into the wastewater followed by an intense agitation commonly defined as rapid mixing. Difference between coagulation and flocculation in water. Definitions, terminology and symbols in colloid and surface chemistry on page 609. Coagulation and flocculation are used to separate the suspended solids portion from the water. Coagulation and flocculation processes are used to separate. Their objective is to enhance the separation of particulate species in downstream processes such as sedimentation and filtration. Engelhardt application development manager drinking water hach company photo by author the intent of this paper is to provide cursory information about coagulation, flocculation and clarification. Principles of coagulation and flocculation herman 1983. Metal salts hydrolyze rapidly in waste water to form cationic species, which are adsorbed by negatively charged dirt. Coagulation and flocculation are designed to remove infectious agents, remove toxic compounds that have adsorbed to the surface of particles, remove precursors to the formation of disinfection byproducts, and make the water palatable.
Optimization of the coagulationflocculation treatment. Mar 31, 2016 3312016 2 why coagulation and flocculation. Coagulation and flocculation free download as powerpoint presentation. Coagulation and flocculation constitute the backbone processes in most water and advanced wastewater treatment plants. This is the difference between coagulation and flocculation. The importance of flash mixing and slower agitating processes in flocculation are also emphasized. Flocculation is synonymous with agglomeration and coagulation coalescence.
Coagulation and flocculation in water and wastewater treatment provides a comprehensive account of coagulation and flocculation techniques and technologies in a single volume covering theoretical principles to practical applications. Apr 27, 2016 042716 water treatment 59 g value for coagulation. Particles that aggregate by the use of polymers that binds them together. Zeta potential is defined and its role in coagulation described. Coagulation flocculation chemistry physical sciences.
Ene 806 project report 2 coagulation and flocculation. The action differs from precipitation in that, prior to flocculation, colloids are merely suspended in a liquid and not actually dissolved in a solution. Particle aggregation sticking of destabilized particles 2045 min floc separate by gravity. State approval listing link, check to see if your state accepts or has preapproved. The coagulationflocculation process involves three basic steps. Coagulation and flocculation in water and wastewater treatment bratby, john download bok. The manual has all the information needed to design and operate jar tests, online monitoring and control, flocculation, clarification, filtration, and pilot tests. Coagulation is basically a synthetic procedure water treatment.
Coagulation and flocculation for raw water nalco offers a comprehensive suite of organic and inorganic blended coagulants and organic flocculants. Coagulation and flocculation processes are used to separate the suspended solids portion from the water. Example problem for designing a flocculation basin. Coagulationflocculation involved twophase process to remove the stable colloids in water by forming larger aggregates that can be separated by the sedimentation process. In the flocculated system, there is no formation of. Coagulation, flocculation and clarification of drinking water terry l. Coagulation, flocculation and clarification of drinking water. We can work with you to optimize the performance of your treatment program, including chemicals and equipment, which can dramatically minimize your overall costs and maximize return on investment. May 03, 2012 coagulation and flocculation free download as powerpoint presentation. Since water treatment is a very sensitive and important process it requires the presence of both physical and chemical processes.
Coagulation and flocculation are wellknown techniques within wastewater treatment. Pdf coagulationflocculation in dewatering of sludge. Coagulation flocculation free download as powerpoint presentation. Koopal modelling polymer adsorption, steric stabilization, and flocculation, gerard j. Dec 10, 2017 key difference coagulation vs flocculation in water treatment water treatment is an important aspect which involves many different steps.
Coagulation and flocculation process fundamentals 1 coagulation and flocculation. Coagulationflocculation treatment of municipal wastewater. Various sizes of particles in raw water particle diameter mm type settling velocity 10 pebble 0. Coagulationflocculation process for produced water treatment. Flocculation is the agglomeration of destabilized particles into a substantial size particles known as flocs which can be successfully expelled by sedimentation or buoyancy. Coagulation and flocculation in water and wastewater. The process of agglomeration of the destabilized particles to such a size that separation by sedimentation and filtration is possible. From my course ees 3030, water treatment systems, in the department of environmental engineering and earth sciences at clemson university. They are typically used for treatment of wastewater containing colloids suspended particles and metal ions. Coagulation and flocculation in water and wastewater treatment provides a comprehensive account of coagulation and flocculation techniques and technologies in a single volume covering theoretical principles to practical applications thoroughly revised and updated since the 1st edition it has.
Coagulationflocculation followed by clarification is the most widely used process for treating the wastewater in this kind of industry. Pdf waste water treatment by coagulation and flocculation. Ppt coagulation and flocculation in water treatment. Sonntag adsorption of ions and surfactants, luuk k. Sep 14, 2017 example problem for designing a flocculation basin. Coagulationflocculationjar test marmara universitesi. Bibliography includes bibliographical references and index. Coagulation and flocculation in water treatment title. This enables their removal by sedimentation, dissolved air flotation or filtration.
After coagulation the destabilized particles can collide, aggregate so flocs can be formed. Coagulation flocculation involved twophase process to remove the stable colloids in water by forming larger aggregates that can be separated by the sedimentation process. A jar test simulates the coagulation and flocculation processes fill the jars with raw water sample 500 or ml usually 6 jars adjust ph of the jars while mixing using h 2 so 4 or naohlime ph. Coagulation and flocculation prepared by husam alnajar the islamic university of gaza environmental engineering department water treatment eenv 4331 colour in water. Coagulation and flocculation of a colloidal suspension upon addition of a coagulantflocculant system after mixing with subsequent settling of the floc network. Water treatment coagulation flocculation basics youtube. The aim of this paper is to provide an overall description of coagulation flocculation process and its applications in water and wastewater treatment. In a second experiment, river water ph was adjusted at different phs between 4. Measurement tools for coagulation and flocculation. Location in the treatment plant after the source water has been screened and has passed through the optional steps of prechlorination and aeration, it is ready for coagulation and flocculation. Suspended particles vary in source, charge, particle size, shape, and density. In water treatment, coagulation is the result of the addition of chemical reagents to water.
Invaluble for water scientists, engineers and students of this field, coagulation and flocculation in water and wastewater treatment is a convenient reference handbook in the form of numerous examples and appended information. Meanwhile, flocculation is a mixing technique that promotes agglomeration and assists in the settling of particles. Coagulation and flocculation coagulation and flocculationconsist of adding a flocforming chemical reagent to a water to enmesh or combine with nonsettleable colloidal solids and slowsettling suspended solids to produce a rapidsettling floc. Coagulation vs flocculation coagulation addition of chemical coagulant or coagulants particles destabilization reduction of electrical surface charge less than 10 s flocculation.
Water treatment plant waste sludge disposal is dealt with in considerable detail, in an appendix devoted to this subject. M37 operational control of coagulation and filtration. Coagulation is a water treatment process that causes very small suspended particles to. Coagulation and flocculation water purification physical. Groundwater and surface water contain both dissolved and suspended particles.
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